National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) is a system of healthcare financing in which funds are contributed via premium, taxes or donations into a common pool for health care expenditures. National Health Insurance is a universal health package and goes by different nomenclatures in different countries. For instance, In UK and South Korea it is called National Health Service (NHS) and National Health Insurance Cooperation (NHIC) respectively. In Nigeria, NHIS was established by Act 35 of 1999 with the objective of ensuring that patients receive quality, accessible and affordable health care. It protects patients from financial and health burdens. The NHIS coverage rate of 5% in Nigeria is abysmal, far less than the rate reported in 2013 for Ghana (38%). Coverage rates in USA, Tanzania and Kenya are 91.5%, 16% and 10% respectively. To ensure universal health coverage in Nigeria, efforts should be made to appreciably increase the coverage rate.